30 Jun

How Job Loss Affects Your Mortgage Application

Mortgage Tips

Posted by: Yen Chi (Frank) Feng

Whether you have made an offer on a home already or are still in the process of looking, you already understand that buying a home is likely the largest investment you will ever make.

When it comes to your mortgage application, there are a few things that you should avoid doing while you are waiting for approval – such as making large purchases (i.e. a new car), applying for new credit, pulling additional credit reports, etc. Another issue that can come up is the loss of your job.

What you can afford to qualify for in relation to your mortgage depends on your income. As a result, the sudden loss of employment can be quite detrimental to your efforts. So, what do you do?

Should You Continue With Your Mortgage Application?

If you have already qualified for a mortgage, but your employment circumstances have changed, your first step is to disclose this to your lender. They will move to verify your income prior to closing and, if they have not been told in advance, it may be considered fraud as your application income and closing income would not match.

In some cases, the loss of your job may not affect your mortgage. Some examples include:

  • You secure a new job right away in the same field as previously. Keep in mind, you will still need to requalify. However, if your new job requires a 3-month probationary period then you may not be approved.
  • If you have a co-signer on the mortgage who earns enough income to qualify for the value on their own. However, be sure your co-signer is aware of your employment situation.
  • If you have additional sources of income such as income from retirement, investments, rentals or even child support they may be considered, depending on the lender.

Can You Use Unemployment Income to Apply for a Mortgage?

Typically this is not a suitable source of income to qualify for a mortgage. In rare cases, individuals with seasonal or cyclical jobs who rely on unemployment income for a portion of the year may be considered. However, you would be asked to provide a two-year cycle of employment followed by Employment Insurance benefits.

What Happens During Furlough?

If you did not lose your job entirely but have instead been furloughed or temporarily laid off, your lender may take a wait-and-see approach to your mortgage application. You would be required to provide a letter from your employer with a return-to-work date on it in this situation. However, if you don’t return to work before the closing date, your lender may be required to cancel the application for now with resubmitting as an option in the future.

Have You Talked to Your Mortgage Professional?

Regardless of the reason for the change in your employment situation, one of the most important things you can do is contact your mortgage expert directly to discuss your situation. I can look at all the options for you and help with finding a solution that best suits you.

28 Jun

Will the May Inflation Decline Thwart Another Rate Hike in July?

Economics Insights

Posted by: Yen Chi (Frank) Feng

 

The May inflation data, released this morning by Statistics Canada, bore no surprises. The year-over-year (y/y) inflation measured by the Consumer Price Index (CPI) at 3.4% was just as expected–down a full percentage point from the April reading. This is the smallest increase since June 2021. Economists hit this one on the head because we knew dropping the April 2022 figure from the y/y calculation would considerably lower May inflation.

By May of last year, y/y  inflation had already risen sharply to 7.7%, mainly due to dramatic energy price increases reflecting the impact of the Russian invasion of Ukraine. Inflation peaked at 8.1% in June ’22, suggesting low inflation next month as well. This is why the Bank of Canada predicted that inflation would fall to 3% by this summer.

Taking inflation down to 3% will likely be easier than the drop from 3% to 2% because the low-hanging fruit has already been harvested. Many service prices are a lot stickier than the price of commodities and durable goods.  

The May inflation slowdown was primarily driven by the 18.3% y/y plunge in gasoline prices resulting from the base-year effect. Excluding gasoline, the CPI rose 4.4% in May, following a 4.9% increase in April. A drop in natural gas prices (-3.5%) also contributed to the energy price deceleration. 

Prices for durable goods grew at a slower pace year over year in May, rising 1.0% after increasing 2.2% in April. The increase in May is the smallest since May 2020 and coincided with easing supply chain pressures compared with a year ago. This was reflected in furniture prices (-2.9%), which fell by the largest amount since June 2020, and passenger vehicle prices (+3.2%), which showed the smallest increase since February 2021.

 
 

Grocery prices remain elevated–up 9.0% y/y–down only one tick from April. Prices for food purchased from restaurants rose slightly faster year-over-year in May (+6.8%) than in April (+6.4%), amid ongoing elevated labour shortages, input costs and expenses, which Stats Can data show job vacancies can disproportionately affect these businesses.

Rising interest rates also boost inflation. This is because mortgage costs are just over 3% of the CPI. They are a part of the most significant component of the index–shelter–which represents almost 30% of the index. The mortgage interest cost index rose by a whopping 29.9% in May, following a 28.5% increase in April. This was the largest increase on record for the third consecutive month, as Canadians continued to renew and initiate mortgages at higher interest rates. And, of course, this does not include the effects of the policy rate hike in June.

It takes time for the full effect of interest rate hikes entirely feed into the CPI. Mortgage interest costs will continue to rise as higher interest rates flow gradually through to household mortgage payments with a lag as contracts are renewed. And home-buying related expenses ticked higher in May, with higher home resale prices increasing realtor and broker commissions.
 

Bottom Line

Achieving the 2% inflation target will take some effort. The Bank of Canada continues to be concerned that the Canadian economy remains too hot. Although unemployment relative to job vacancies has recently started to rise, the Bank remains troubled that excess demand will continue to push some prices upward. This is the cyclical component of inflation–inversely correlated with the unemployment rate–a version the Fed calls ‘supercore’ inflation. Supercore includes household services such as haircuts, personal care, babysitting, restaurant meals, travel, accommodation, recreation and entertainment.

It is roughly the CPI-trim (which filters out extreme price movements that might be caused by severe weather and other temporary factors) minus the price of food, shelter and energy. This measure has fallen less than the other core measures. Supercore inflation is about 5.5% y/y, compared to CPI-trim at 3.8%,CPI- median at 3.9% (see the chart below).

Looking at the recent monthly trends on a three-month annualized basis, CPI-trim was at 3.8% in May, down from 3.9%, and CPI-median was at 3.6%, down from 3.8% in April.

This is why the Bank of Canada emphasizes labour market data and overall spending measures. We will get two more important Statistics Canada releases before the July 12th BoC decision: the June 30th  monthly GDP number for April and the all-important Labour Force Survey on July 7th. Unless these data show a meaningful economic slowdown or a rise in unemployment, the odds of another BoC rate hike are about 60%.
 

Source: Dr. Sherry Cooper, Chief Economist, Dominion Lending Centres
23 Jun

Strong May Housing Market Likely Triggered Recent BoC Rate Hike

Economics Insights

Posted by: Yen Chi (Frank) Feng

The Canadian Real Estate Association says home sales in May rose 5.1% month-over-month (m/m), adding to the 11.1% gain in April. This brought the year-over-year sales gain to 1.4%, The first y/y sales increase in almost two years. While spring home sales started booming (compared to the past year), the surprising 25 bps uptick in the Bank of Canada’s policy rate has no doubt dampened enthusiasm in June. Indeed, the strength in housing may have been the deciding factor in the Bank’s decision. 

Sales were up in about 70% of all local markets, including Canada’s largest markets: the Greater Toronto Area (GTA), Montreal, Greater Vancouver, Calgary, Edmonton, and Ottawa.

New Listings

The number of newly listed homes was up 6.8% month-over-month in May, although the bigger picture is that new supply is still running at historically low levels.

With sales and new listings up by similar magnitudes in May, the sales-to-new listings ratio was 67.9%, little changed from 69% in April. The long-term average for this measure is 55.1%.

There were 3.1 months of inventory on a national basis at the end of May 2023, down from 3.3 months at the end of April and down more than an entire month from the most recent peak at the end of January. The long-term average for this measure is about five months.

The dearth of sellers could reflect the reluctance of existing homeowners to give up their low-rate mortgages.

Home Prices

The Aggregate Composite MLS® Home Price Index (HPI) climbed 2.1% on a month-over-month basis in May 2023 – a significant increase for a single month and on the heels of a similar gain in April. Once again, it was also very broad-based, with a monthly price increase between April and May observed in most local markets.

The Aggregate Composite MLS® HPI now sits 8.6% below year-ago levels, a smaller decline than in the first four months of this year. The second chart below shows that year-over-year price gains are posted at the national level and in BC, Alberta, and Nova Scotia. With the strength in the GTA, y/y prices are fast approaching positive territory.

 

Bottom Line

The rate hike by the BoC has spooked the housing market. Anecdotal evidence suggests that activity has slowed, and the demand for fixed-rate mortgages has surged. Many households now face higher monthly payments in the next two years. The Bank of Canada knows that and wants to see household spending slow from the rapid Q1 pace. Consumer confidence has risen sharply since March. But with household debt-to-income levels at near-record highs, the sensitivity to interest rates is extreme. 

Ironically, just as the BoC raised rates again after months of no action, the Federal Reserve decided to pause rate hikes for the first time this cycle. US inflation peaked at over 9.1% and fell to 4.0% in May. While Canadian inflation topped at 8.1%, its most recent posting was 4.4% in April. May data for Canada will be released on June 27.

Traders are currently expecting one more rate hike in Canada this year. The idea that the Bank would cut rates any time this year has vanished. Most are betting the first rate cut is more likely to be in mid-2024. We have learned that uncertainty prevails, but I’d bet that we will not return to pre-Covid interest rates for a very long time.

Source: Dr. Sherry Cooper, Chief Economist, Dominion Lending Centres

23 Jun

How to Pay Off Your Mortgage Faster

Mortgage Tips

Posted by: Yen Chi (Frank) Feng

When it comes to homeownership, many of us dream of the day we will be mortgage-free. While most mortgages operate on a 25-year amortization schedule, here are some ways you can pay off your mortgage quicker:

 

1. Review Your Payment Schedule: Taking a look at your payment schedule can be an easy way to start paying down your mortgage faster, such as moving to an accelerated bi-weekly payment schedule. While this will lead to slightly higher monthly payments, the overall result is approximately one extra payment on your mortgage per calendar year. This can reduce the total amortization by multiple years, which is an effective way to whittle down your amortization faster.

 

2. Increase Your Mortgage Payments*: This is another simple change you can execute today to start having more of an impact on your mortgage. Most lenders offer a pre-payment privilege that allows you to increase your payment amount without penalty. This payment increase allowance can range from a 10% to a 20% payment increase from the original payment amount. If you earned a raise at work, or have come into some money, consider putting those funds right into your mortgage to help reduce your mortgage balance without changing your spending habits.

 

3. Make Extra Payments*: For those of you who have pre-payment privileges on your mortgage, this is a great option for paying it down faster. The extra payment option allows you to make an annual lump-sum payment of 15-20% of the original loan amount to help clear out some of your loans. Some mortgages will allow you to increase your payment by this pre-payment privilege percentage amount as well. It is another great way to utilize any extra money you may have earned, such as from a bonus at work or inheritance.

 

4. Negotiate a Better Rate: Depending on whether you have a variable or a fixed mortgage, you may want to consider getting a better rate to reduce your overall mortgage payments and money to interest. Ideally, it is done when your mortgage term is up for renewal while the interest rates start coming back down. It could be a great opportunity to adjust your mortgage and save. This may be available with your existing lender or moving to a new lender with a lower rate offer (known as a switch and transfer).

 

5. Refinance to a Shorter Amortization Period: Lastly, consider the term of your mortgage. If you’re mortgage is coming up for renewal, this is a great time to look at refinancing to a shorter amortization period. While this will lead to higher monthly payments, you will be paying less interest over the life of the loan. Knowing what you can afford and how quickly you want to be mortgage-free can help you determine the best new amortization schedule.


*These options are only available for some mortgage products. Check your mortgage package or reach out to me to ensure these options are available to you and avoid any potential penalties.

 

If you are looking to pay your mortgage off quicker, don’t hesitate to reach out your mortgage expert today! I can help review the above options and assist in choosing the most effective course of action for your situation.

16 Jun

Don’t Be House Poor

Mortgage Tips

Posted by: Yen Chi (Frank) Feng

Having the biggest and best home on the block sounds great – but not if it is at the expense of your life and monthly finances. Be smart about your budget and avoid buying a home at the very top of your pre-approval value, which might lead to cash flow issues and being “house poor” down the line.

Home Expenses

When considering your home, it is important to look beyond the purchase price and mortgage cost. Owning a home entails additional financial responsibilities such as maintenance, property taxes, utilities, and more. Even if you can afford to purchase an $800,000 home, it is crucial to evaluate whether you can comfortably manage these ongoing expenses.

In terms of your home-related expenses and your overall monthly budget, the costs associated with maintaining your home should not surpass 35% of your total monthly income.

Monthly Budget

To help you keep track of your finances, consider breaking up your monthly budget into the following categories:

  • Housing – mortgage payments, property taxes, utilities, etc.
  • Transit – car payments or transit passes, gas, maintenance, etc.
  • Debt – payments to credit cards, lines of credit, etc.
  • Savings – your long-term savings for retirement, etc.
  • Life – food, vacations, fun, medical, childcare, etc.

From there, you would want to look at how much you spend on each category. Below is a good rule of thumb:

  • Housing – 35% of your monthly income
  • Transit – 15% of your monthly income.
  • Debt – 15% of your monthly income
  • Savings – 10% of your monthly income
  • Life – 25% of your monthly income

By spending too much on housing, you are forced to sacrifice in other areas of spending such as your life or savings, but it is better to be life RICH than house POOR.

If you are unsure what you should budget for your new home, or have questions about making your home costs more affordable (such as changing your mortgage payments), don’t hesitate to reach out to your mortgage expert today!

9 Jun

10 Questions to Ask Your Home Inspector

General

Posted by: Yen Chi (Frank) Feng

While home inspections might not be the most exciting part of your home buying journey, they are extremely important and can save you money and a major headache in the long run.

In a competitive housing market, there can sometimes be pressure to make an offer right away without conditions. However, no matter how competitive a market may be, you should never skip out on things designed for buyer protection – such as a home inspection.

You may have a good eye for décor and love the layout of your potential new home, but what is under the surface is typically where headaches can lie. We have all heard the expression “don’t judge a book by its cover” so why would you make the most important purchase in your life without checking it out?

Below are a few key questions you can ask your home inspector to ensure that you are getting a complete and thorough inspection:

  1. Can I see your licence/professional credentials and proof of insurance?
  2. How many years of experience do you have as a home inspector?
    • Note: Make sure they’re talking specifically about home inspection and not just how much experience they have in a single trade.
  3. How many inspections have you personally completed?
  4. What qualifications and training do you have? Are you a member of a professional organization? What’s your background – construction, engineering, plumbing, etc?
  5. Can I see some references?
    • Note: Don’t just ask for references, be sure to follow up with them. Ask the clients how they felt about the home inspection, did any issues crop up down the line that they were not made aware of, etc.
  6. What kind of report do you provide? Do you take photos of the house and specific problem areas (if any) and include them in your report?
  7. What kind of tools do you use during your inspection?
  8. Can you give me an idea of what kind of repairs the house may need?
    • Note: Be hesitant if they offer to fix the issue themselves or are willing to recommend someone cheap. Home renovations and repairs are one area you should never skimp on.
  9. When do you typically do the inspections?
    • Note: Ideally you want a home inspector operating full-time and can view the house during the day to inspect all areas, especially the roof.
  10. How long do your inspections usually take?

While hiring a home inspector may seem daunting, it will be the best few hundred dollars you ever spend. There is no price on peace of mind!

2 Jun

Why You Should Have a Power of Attorney

Mortgage Tips

Posted by: Yen Chi (Frank) Feng

You work a lifetime building your nest egg, so the thought of losing financial control can be difficult at any point in life. However, having a trusted document like a power of attorney (POA) can bring you and your loved ones peace of mind. Contrary to what some believe, the reality is that your POA does not own your money or property, and they cannot change your will, make a will, or change a beneficiary on an insurance plan. Your POA is there to learn about your life events, needs, or concerns and help make financial or medical decisions on your behalf if you are unable to.

This is a decision that requires careful consideration, and like any financial tool, there are pros and cons:

Pros 

  • The document clearly states who is responsible for your money and property, even temporarily, if you need help managing them. Your attorney must manage your money and property responsibly and for your benefit. If questioned, they may be required by law to account for their actions.
  • The document can be as flexible or time-sensitive as you would like or as general or specific as you need.
  • You can appoint multiple attorneys and request they make decisions in unison or highlight that they can act separately if one attorney is unavailable. You can also appoint an alternate or successive attorney. It may help reduce the chance of fraudulent activity.

Cons 

  • There is a risk that if the wrong attorney is designated, you can become vulnerable to financial abuse. It can happen where an attorney makes decisions based on their best interest rather than the interests of the estate they manage.  
  • If your document lacks clarity, there is a risk that your finances could result in ways you do not simply agree with.  
  • If multiple attorneys are appointed, disagreements could cause problems or delays in managing financial affairs.  

You should always seek independent legal advice to ensure your needs and expectations are met. Appointing a POA is dynamic; it can be changed or revoked at any time.